荷蘭豆花燭Anthurium longistipitatum

花燭屬日常照顧參考

光照：一般而言，避免暴露於直射陽光是較保險的方式。開揚光猛的窗邊或添置生長燈有助加快生長。於一般室內亦能健康成長。

溫度：以攝氏18°C至攝氏27°C為目標，可以兼顧較為怕熱的高地品種生長所需。

濕度：較高空氣濕度對生長速度及避免生葉畸形十分重要。空氣濕度達70%或以上一般足夠，亦有部分如A. rugulosum 等品種對空氣濕度有更高要求。

給水：建議確保盆土接近乾爽再給水。浸盆或淋水均可，不論給水方式，原則上要確保介質/底盆不會積水。

盆土：首重疏水透氣，以免根系受感染腐爛。其次採用較粗棵粒土可以令新長根系更粗。如需加強保濕能力可以優先考慮椰糠，其次考慮泥炭土。室內養植亦可考慮全樹皮。

施肥：可於春至中秋左右其間，使用均衡配方肥料，於室內種植水劑或緩釋肥料均可，於室外種植首選水劑以免緩釋肥料於盛夏間過份溶解。在冬季休眠期間避免施肥。

Anthurium spadix

The spadix of an Anthuriums, flowering plant in the Araceae family, typically goes through two distinct stages of blossoming.

Upon maturity, a spadix of an anthurium step into its female stage. :During this initial stage, the flowers on the spadix are receptive to pollen. The female reproductive parts (stigmas) are active and ready to receive pollen by chances, for future fruits. The same spadix will enter male stage after successful pollination or when female stage has ended.

Male stage may appear differently after the female stage, the flowers transit into male stage as pollen starts emitting. At this point, the stamens (male reproductive parts) release pollen to be dispersed and would no longer accept any incoming pollen.  

This sequential flowering process is called **protogyny** (female stage first). It helps reduce the chances of self-pollination and encourages cross-pollination, which enhances genetic diversity. Anthurium flowers rely on pollinators, such as beetles, to transfer pollen from one plant to another.

It also worth to highlight a younger Anthurium may have very low success rate during female stage while releasing pollen that’s functional. Sometimes it may not be pollinated until 3-5 spadices.

花燭屬的花序通常會經歷兩個明顯的階段：

1. **雌性階段**：當雌性性徵成熟嘅時候，花序上面會分泌接近透明嘅分泌液，呢個時候佛焰花序可以接受花粉。一般都係呢個時候授粉，授粉成功/雌性階段結束後，同一花序會進入雄性階段。如果授粉後一至兩日仍有分泌液，授粉成功機會不大，可再次授粉。

2. **雄性階段**：在雌性階段之後，花朵會進入雄性階段，開始產生並釋放花粉。此時，雄性生殖器官（雄蕊）釋放花粉以進行傳播。

雌先熟

這種連續開花的過程稱為**雌先熟**（先是雌性階段）。這有助於減少自花授粉的機會，並促進異花授粉，從而增強基因多樣性。花燭的花序依靠授粉媒介（例如甲蟲）將花粉從一株植物傳遞到另一株植物，亦有機會經由花序間直接接觸而傳播花粉。

一株花燭最初幾枝花有機會只具有製造花粉的能力。